Difference of Wet cell and dry cell batteries

The difference between wet cell and dry cell batteries is the makeup of the Electrolyte. The electrolyte is the material that conducts electricity in the battery. Wet cells have liquid electrolytes, while dry cells have solid electrolytes, usually in the form of a paste or powder. Wet cells were invented before dry cells, and they’re still used in some applications today. Car batteries are a type of wet cell battery. Dry cell batteries are more common. The batteries that run your TV remote control, for example, are dry cell batteries.Copied from- https://www.brainpop.com/

A wet-cell battery is the original type of rechargeable battery. It is commonly found in aviation, electric utilities, energy storage and cellphone towers. The battery contains a liquid electrolyte such as sulfuric acid, a dangerous corrosive liquid that damages what it comes into contact with. A dry-cell battery does not contain liquid. Smaller dry-cell batteries, such as alkaline or lithium ion, are typically used in portable electronics, such as toys, phones and laptops. - See more at: http://www.call2recycle.org/faqs/what-is-a-wet-cell-battery-and-how-does-it-differ-from-a-dry-cell-battery/#sthash.AtK8aZ4d.dpuf

A wet-cell battery is the original type of rechargeable battery. It is commonly found in aviation, electric utilities, energy storage and cellphone towers. The battery contains a liquid electrolyte such as sulfuric acid, a dangerous corrosive liquid that damages what it comes into contact with. A dry-cell battery does not contain liquid. Smaller dry-cell batteries, such as alkaline or lithium ion, are typically used in portable electronics, such as toys, phones and laptops. - See more at: http://www.call2recycle.org/faqs/what-is-a-wet-cell-battery-and-how-does-it-differ-from-a-dry-cell-battery/#sthash.AtK8aZ4d.dpuf

 A wet-cell battery is the original type of rechargeable battery. It is commonly found in aviation, electric utilities, energy storage and cellphone towers. The battery contains a liquid electrolyte such as sulfuric acid, a dangerous corrosive liquid that damages what it comes into contact with. A dry-cell battery does not contain liquid. Smaller dry-cell batteries, such as alkaline or lithium ion, are typically used in portable electronics, such as toys, phones and laptops. Copied from- http://www.call2recycle.org/

A wet-cell battery is the original type of rechargeable battery. It is commonly found in aviation, electric utilities, energy storage and cellphone towers. The battery contains a liquid electrolyte such as sulfuric acid, a dangerous corrosive liquid that damages what it comes into contact with. A dry-cell battery does not contain liquid. Smaller dry-cell batteries, such as alkaline or lithium ion, are typically used in portable electronics, such as toys, phones and laptops. - See more at: http://www.call2recycle.org/faqs/what-is-a-wet-cell-battery-and-how-does-it-differ-from-a-dry-cell-battery/#sthash.AtK8aZ4d.dpuf

A wet-cell battery is the original type of rechargeable battery. It is commonly found in aviation, electric utilities, energy storage and cellphone towers. The battery contains a liquid electrolyte such as sulfuric acid, a dangerous corrosive liquid that damages what it comes into contact with. A dry-cell battery does not contain liquid. Smaller dry-cell batteries, such as alkaline or lithium ion, are typically used in portable electronics, such as toys, phones and laptops. - See more at: http://www.call2recycle.org/faqs/what-is-a-wet-cell-battery-and-how-does-it-differ-from-a-dry-cell-battery/#sthash.AtK8aZ4d.dpuf

A wet-cell battery is the original type of rechargeable battery. It is commonly found in aviation, electric utilities, energy storage and cellphone towers. The battery contains a liquid electrolyte such as sulfuric acid, a dangerous corrosive liquid that damages what it comes into contact with. A dry-cell battery does not contain liquid. Smaller dry-cell batteries, such as alkaline or lithium ion, are typically used in portable electronics, such as toys, phones and laptops. - See more at: http://www.call2recycle.org/faqs/what-is-a-wet-cell-battery-and-how-does-it-differ-from-a-dry-cell-battery/#sthash.AtK8aZ4d.dpuf

terminology used in Food industries

There are some common terminology used in Modern food, Beverage, Pharmaceuticals  industries.  They are , CIP- Cleaning in Place, Wash off Line (WOL), SIP- Sterilizing in Place. The Cleaning-In-Place (CIP) is a system designed for automatic cleaning without major dis-assembly and assembly in work.  Sterilization-In-Place (SIP) are system designed for automatic disinfecting without major disassembly and assembly work. A well designed CIP system can favor you to clean one part of the plant while other areas continue to produce product. Wash off Line (WOL) is used in Tablet manufacturing process.

difference between spanner and Wrench

Spanner/Wrench

Maintenance common hand tools :

Many people confused with the Hand tools spanner and Wrench. The common tools used in the Industrial maintenance job as well as in the Automobile sector. These tools are used to  provide grip and mechanical advantage in applying torque to turn objects—usually rotary fasteners, such as nuts and bolts—or keep them from turning.Spanner is basically a British Term and Wrench is American Term. Another term used in AUS/NZ that is shifting spanner/ wrench. 

bellows sealed valve

Bellows Sealed Valve Vs. Conventional Valve

Conventionally in the  globe valve used  in steam line uses gland packing. Instead of Gland packing The Bellows Sealed valve is consisting of  a bellows cartridge welded to the valve bonnet and stem. There is only a Gasket joint in the valve body and globe site only. So there is Little possibility to leak steam. What is bellows- A device with concertinaed sides to allow it to expand and contract.  As the valve stem strokes, the bellows expands or compresses with the stroke movement. Advantages of using Bellows sealed valve- Thought the initial cost of the bellows sealed valve is high with compare to conventional globe valve but with compare to maintenance and overhead costing is less. For a maintenance Engineer to select a bellows sealed valve instead of conventional valve is a good decision and he/she will be trouble free for a long time. Many factories where steam consumption in the floor is high, there multiple number of valves is needed and in conventional valves (Gland packed seal valve/piston ring valves) maximum times after a short time interval the gland packing leaked. As  a result it looks odd, time consuming to replace valves, Production hampered , risky.

circlips

Circlip : Industrial common fasteners

Circlip : Circlip is a common fastener used in Industries. It is also called  as a C-Clip,Seeger ring, snap ring or Jesus clip. The function of Circlip is to prevent lateral movement but permit to rotation. It is placed into a machined grooved. 

This fastener is consisting of a semi-flexible metal ring with open ends and it can be snapped into place. There are two types of Circlip : one is insider and another is outsider. Two remove Circlip technician used circlip pliers which are also have insider and outsider types. Circlip is used as a  permanent shoulder to hold components together such as a drive shaft. They are also used as spacers between gears such as in an automotive/truck transmission.

A2 70 bolt naming

Photo: SS A2-70 Bolt

SS bolt A2-70: The meaning of A2-70 in top of the SS bolt- When we see A2 Steel then we can say it SS 304 grade, also can be said 18/8 because it approximately consists of 18-20% chromium and 8-10% Nickel. 

This A2 (304) is Austenitic Steel (Primary Phase Face Centered Cubic Crystal). It has commonly three Property Classes: 50 (soft) , 70 (cold-worked) Tensile strength 700 N/mm2 & 80 (high-strength) – the most common of which is the 70 class which is cold drawn” from bar stock.

So, In a nut-shell The meaning of A2-70 is Grade 304 Stainless Steel having 700 N/mm2 tensile Strength.

Uses : used extensively for sinks, tabletops, stoves, refrigerators , pots, pans dairy equipment, brewing industry, fruit industry, food processing plants, dye tanks, pipelines,  and more plants/industry.

DPDC exam questions

common mechanical engineering topics

Some common Mechanical Engineering Topics
Net Positive suction Head: It is the difference between the net inlet head to the head corresponding to the vapor pressure of the fluid.
slip of Reciprocating pump: It is the difference between the theoretical discharge to the actual discharge of the pump.
Impulse Turbine: It is used in High head, low discharge.
Reaction Turbine: It is used in Low head, High Discharge.
Centrifugal Pump: High Discharge, Low Head
Reciprocating Pump: Low Discharge, High Head

major and minor loss in pipes

Major and minor loss in pipes/duct system
Head loss of a pipe is equal to Major loss and the minor loss in the pipe. The major loss is due to friction in the pipe or duct system.  The Minor loss is due to the components in the system.
h_loss = Σ h_{major_losses} + Σ h_{minor_losses}      

where

h_loss = total head loss in the pipe or duct system
h_{major_losses} = major loss due to friction in the pipe or duct system
h_{minor_losses} = minor loss due to the components in the system

• Major Head Loss - head loss or pressure loss - due to friction in pipes and ducts.
• Minor Head Loss - head loss or pressure loss - due to components as valves, bends, tees and sudden enlargement , sudden contraction, exit of the pipe, inlet of the pipes and the like in the pipe or duct system.

draft tube of turbine

What is draft tube?
Draft Tube: The draft tube is a pipe gradually increasing area used for discharging water from the exit of a reaction turbine. It is an integral part of mixed and axial flow turbine. Because of the draft tube, it is possible to have the pressure at runner outlet much below the atmospheric pressure.
Efficiency of a draft tube is defined as the ratio of net gain in pressure head to the velocity head at entrance of draft tube.
What is the calorific value of Bituminous coal?
Answer: The calorific value of Bituminous coal is 33,500 Kj/Kg

BSEC Viva Questions answer

Viva Questions of BSEC

Bangladesh Steel & Engineering Corporation BSEC Viva Questions 2014 (Asstt.Engr. Mech)

                               Place: BSEC Bhavan, Karwan Bazar, Dhaka.

1. What is Economizer? How it works? 

Economizer- It is an accessories used in Boiler for raise the boiler efficiency . It works by using flue gas comes out from the boiler.

2. What is super heater and why it is used?

Super heater-  It is another accessories using in Boiler for super heated the saturated steam. It is used to superheated the steam.

3. What is the Boiling point of water at Atmospheric pressure?

Boiling point - It the condition when water turns to steam. The boiling point of water is 212 F/100 C

4. What is critical point of temperature of Water?

Critical point- The point or temperature when the water will not boil further more.

5. What is the affect of raising temperature in Boiling point of water?

The boiling temperature will increase.

6. What is corundum ? Which material  is used in Aeroplane ?

Corundum is the mine of Aluminum and Duralimin , the alloy of Al is used in Aeroplane.

7. Name some physical properties of Metal.

Metal Sound

8. What do you mean by Environmental pollution?

Carbon Emission is the main Environmental Pollution.

9. name the recent EU agreement on Carbon emission reduction.

40% reduction of Carbon Emission.

10. Translate into English- Azan Namazer thike ahban koretesi

 

Engineering Materials Basic

Some definitions using in Engineering materials
Stiffness- The ability of a material to resist deformation under stress. The Modulus of Elasticity elasticity is the measures of stiffness.
Elasticity- It is the property of a material to regain its original shape after deformation when the external forces are removed. The steel is more elastic than rubber.
Ductility- It is the property of a material enabling it to be drawn into wire with the application of a tensile force. Ductile material commonly used in Engineering Practice are mild steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, zinc, tin and lead.
Brittleness- It the property of a material opposite to ductility. It is the property of breaking a material with little permanent distortion. Cast Iron (CI) is a brittle material.

CCCP

Combined Cycle Power Plant: Combined Cycle Power plant is Power Plant where Steam Turbine and Gas Turbine are works together.

Schematic Diagram of Bray ton-Rankine Cycle

Definations in Power plant engineering

1. What is Load Factor?
Answer: Load factor is defined as the Average Load to the Peak load
2. What is Use factor?
Answer: Use factor is defined as the Peak load to the plant capacity
3. What is capacity factor?
Answer: Capacity Factor is defined as the Average load to the Plant Capacity, Capacity factor can be defined also as Load factor x Use factor
4. What is reverse factor?
Answer: It is defined as the Load factor to Capacity factor

Pump Pressure test

Pump Pressure Test

gear arrangement

Gear Assembly maintenance work

Manufacturing General Maintenance issues

 Maintenance in the Manufacturing Plants. In a manufacturing plant machine maintenance is a very important things. There are several types of mainteance-

Preventive Maintenance

Corrective Maintenance 

Break down Maintenace 

Preventive Maintenance can be classified in two ways-

Schedule Preventive Maintenance - This can be found from Machine Manufacturer

Regular Preventive Maintenance-  On regular basis

Sudden Preventive Maintenance-  Time availability due to production shut down

For an effective maintenance there could be considered some most importatnt thing-

Inventory (spare stock), communication,  data, Man management, and the most is safety.

Now-a-days there are many Computerized Maintenance Management System (CMMS) for easy operation of Maintenance which leads the inventory management as well as the machine condition and the previous maintenance information. 

Maintenance or Technical people  main objectives are to reduce Breakdown. 

To reduce break down it needs close monitoring of the rotating parts and proper lubrication. Proper training of the machine operator can reduce breakdown. Also the proper training of maintenance people will reduce the maintenance time and safety.

 

Ware house rack assembly

Air Handling Unit Installation

 

AHU Installation

parameter for pump purchase

The terms could be helpful if you know when you are going to buy a +pump. +Head It is one of the main parameter you need to know. It is expressed in terms of meter or sometimes in bar. The bar to meter can be converted by multiplying 10.
Flow or discharge: It is a measure of volume capacity of a pump. It can be expressed as GPM -+Gallon per Minute, or l/min etc.
+Pump performance curve: The diagram which explain the relationship between the head, power, efficiency, and discharge. The manufacturer will +Supply the curve. +Pipe friction loss: The friction loss is the major loss of a flowing fluid. +Pressure The force exerted on the walls of a pipe by the liquid. It is measured in PSI, barg, kgf/cm2. +Efficiency Total power output to the total power input, it is expressed as a percentage.

Steam Injector- Flash Cooling system

Photo: Steam Injector- Using in Flash Cooling system of making Condensed Milk.
TIG (Tungsten Inert  Gas) welding in the leakage area.
Courtesy: Danish Condensed Milk (BD) Ltd, Bangladesh.

Difference Between A/C and Refrigerator

In a refrigerating system we produce cooling where as in every air-conditioning system we will need the use of this refrigeration system to cool the air.it is,therefore,stated that air-conditioning system is only a sub-system of refrigeration system.
Conditioning air by controlling humidity, purity, flow, temperature in a closed air or semi closed area is air conditioning. And extracting heat from an area and rejecting it to sink or surrounding for keeping desired area at a low temperature than surrounding is refrigeration.
both have same type of compressor ,but the only difference is cooling capacity is different .for refrigerator it is not necessary to cool immediately while for A/C it requires fast cooling power.

Cooling Tower, Sprinkler Head of Cooling Tower nad Compressor

Bottle Shape-Counter Flow Heat Exchange (Cooling Tower)

Sprinkler Hear with Sprinkler-Cooling Tower

Single Stage Reciprocating Compressor

Hydraulic Test Pump- For Steam Line Welding Defect test

Hydraulic Test Pump

Hydraulic Test Pump

Positive Displacement Pump Mechanical Seal Replacement

Motor Arrangement with the Pump

Mechanical Seal

Pump Rotor Coupling Shaft

.

Casing

Rotor

Anion Vs Cation

Anion: The Ion that is negatively charged and attracted to the anode (Positive electrode) in electrolysis is Anion.  Example: (O2-), sulfide (S2-), fluoride (F-), chloride (Cl-), bromide (Br-), iodide (I-), nitride (N3-) and hydride (H-)
Cation: The Ion that is Positively charged and attracted to the Cathode (Negative electrode) in electrolysis is Cation.  Examples: Na (+), Fe (+)

Gauge Pressure, Atmospheric Pressure, Negative Pressure and Absolute Pressure

Relation of Gauge Pressure, Atmospheric Pressure, Negative Pressure and Absolute Pressure:
Absolute Pressure = Atmospheric Pressure + Gauge Pressure
Gauge Pressure = Absolute Pressure - Atmospheric Pressure
Negative/ Vacuum Pressure = Atmospheric Pressure - Absolute Pressure
Pressure can be expressed as
Bar, Kgf/cm2/ Pa, Mpa, mm Hg, cm Hg, mH2O, m Hg, psi

Different Machine Parts in the Industry

Boiler Back fire: Possible causes

Boiler Back fire

Possible Causes of Boiler Backfire.

? Improper tuning of the burner

? Accumulation of un burnt fuel left in the furnace

? Air Fuel ratio disturbance

? Outlet damper partially/fully closed

? Purging time before and after burner shut off not enough i.e. too short

? Flue gases outlet damper malfunction

? High flow from FD

? Low rpm of ID fan

? Repeated unsuccessful start attempts for boiler firing

Sensible Heating & Sensible Cooling

Sensible Heating & Sensible Cooling

Sensible Heating: The heating of air without the change of Specific Humidity is  called sensible heating.

Sensible Cooling: The Cooling of air without the change of Specific Humidity is  called sensible heating.

INTERNAL MEASURING INSTRUMENT CALIBRATION

INTERNAL MEASURING INSTRUMENT CALIBRATION

The measuring instruments such as Weighing Scale, Thermometer, Hygrometer etc calibration is very important in industrial areas. The local standard testing institution have the facility to calibrate these instruments. But on a large scale quantity it is expensive to calibrated the instruments from the testing institution. So there could be used the instrument which is calibrated from the testing institution as Master Copy. On every machine the allowable deviation data is given, so after calibration if found more deviation then instruments need to be repaired/Serviced. 

For calibrating weighing scale the methods can be followed:

> Take the numbers of Master/reference standard weight and observed the weight in the weighing scale

> Take  series of  data

> Record the observed  data 

> Find the deviation

For calibrating Thermometer the methods can be followed: 

> Take the  Master/reference standard Thermometer and observed the temperature in the thermometer
> Take series of  data
> Record the observed  data
> Find the deviation
For calibrating Hygrometer the methods can be followed:
> Take the  Master/reference standard Thermometer and observed the temperature in the thermometer
> Take series of  data
> Record the observed  data
> Find the Relative Humidity from the Psychometric Chart
> Find the deviation

TOYOTA CROWN ROYAL SALOON

TOYOTA CROWN ROYAL SALOON

Two wheel drive (2WD), and four wheel drive (4WD), Right hand drive, Automatic gear, FUEL: Gasoline (Petrol), 2500 CC, 6 cylinders 24 valves, Passenger: 5 seat

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